. 2005 Oct;91(10):1265–1270. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2004.048314

Table 4.

Randomised controlled (and crossover) trials of nocturnal respiratory support in patients with CSR-CSA associated with CHF

Trial	Patient characteristics			Intervention	Duration of treatment	No of patents	Cardiovascular outcomes
Trial	CHF cause	NYHA class	Baseline LVEF (%)	Intervention	Duration of treatment	No of patents	Cardiovascular outcomes
Naughton et al⁵⁷	ICM, DCM	2.5	18.3	CPAP	1 month	18	6.5% increase in LVEF, reduced nocturnal urine and daytime serum noradrenaline
Naughton et al⁵⁸	ICM, DCM	2.5	21.2	CPAP	3 months	29	7.7% increase in LVEF, reduced fatigue and dyspnoea, increased emotional well being and disease mastery (CHFQ)
Granton et al⁵⁹	ICM, DCM	2.4	24	CPAP	3 months	17	8.6% increase in LVEF, reduced dyspnoea and fatigue (CHFQ)
Sin et al⁶⁰	ICM, DCM		NA	CPAP	3 months	66	8% increase in LVEF, 81% relative risk reduction in mortality and transplantation rate
Teschler et al⁶¹	ICM, DCM	2.9	Fractional shortening 0.19	APSSV, Bi-V, CPAP, supplemental oxygen	4 nights (crossover trial)	14	APSSV reduced AHI and arousal index more than did CPAP, bilevel ventilation or oxygen supplementation; change in LVEF not measured
Pepperell et al⁶²	ICM, DCM	2.7	36.5	APSSV	1 month	30	Reduced serum BNP, urinary metadrenaline, and daytime somnolence; change in LVEF not measured
Kohnlein et al⁶³	ICM, DCM	2.8	23.8	Bi-V/CPAP	1 month (crossover trial)	18	Bilevel ventilation and CPAP equally improved circulation time; improved sleep quality, reduced daytime fatigue (SF-36) and NYHA class; change in LVEF not measured

APSSV, adaptive pressure support servoventilation; Bi-V, bilevel non-invasive ventilation; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; NA, not available; SF-36, short form 36 questionnaire.