Genomic structure of Axin. (A) Axin1 is composed of 10 exons (encoding isoform a). Exon 8 is spliced out in isoform b. (B) Axin2 also consists of 10 exons that encode 843 amino acids (aa) (isoform a) or a 778 aa polypeptide (isoform b). Similar to Axin1, the binding partners of Axin2 are APC (aa 81–200), GSK3 (aa 372–413), β catenin (aa 414–476), and DVL (aa 761–843). So far, all mutations found in Axin2 are located in exon 7. APC, adenomatous polyposis coli; CKI, casein kinase I; DIX, Dishevelled and axin binding domain; DVL, Dishevelled; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; MEKK1, mitogen activated protein/extracellular regulated kinase kinase kinase 1; NES, nuclear export signal; NLS, nuclear localisation signal; PP2A, protein phosphatase.