Table 1.
Clinical details of the patients in groups 2, 3, and 4
| Optic nerve sheath diameter (mm) | |||||||||
| Group | Patient No | Sex | Age | Diagnosis | Presenting symptom/sign | Optic disc appearances | Right | Left | Comment |
| Group 2 | 1 | F | 13 years | Primary hydrocephalus | None, routine review | 4.1 | 3.5 | ||
| 2 | M | 6 years | Primary hydrocephalus | None, routine review | 3.0 | 3.0 | |||
| 3 | M | 18 months | Spina bifida and hydrocephalus | None, routine review | Normal | 2.5 | 2.9 | ||
| 4 | M | 6 years | Post haemorrhagic hydrocephalus | None, routine review | 3.0 | 2.5 | |||
| 5 | F | 13 years | Primary hydrocephalus | None, routine review | Normal | 3.1 | 3.5 | ||
| 6 | M | 10 days | Thoraco-lumbar myelomenigocele and hydrocephalus | None, routine review | 1.9 | 2.6 | |||
| Group 3 | 7 | F | 6 years | Post haemorrhagic hydrocephalus | Increasing stammer and irritability | Cupped discs | 3.4 | 3.4 | Resolved spontaneously |
| 8 | 14 months | Post haemorrhagic hydrocephalus | Screaming and irritability | 2.6 | 2.6 | Resolved spontaneously | |||
| 9 | M | 4 years | Holoprosencephaly and hydrocephalus | Nausea, vomiting, and drowsiness | Normal | 2.8 | 2.8 | Resolved spontaneously | |
| 10 | F | 10 years | Post haemorrhagic hydrocephalus | Irritable, intermittent headaches, vomited once | Normal | 3.3 | 3.8 | Resolved spontaneously | |
| 11 | F | 3 years | Primary hydrocephalus | Chronic headaches | Swollen discs | 3.0 | 3.0 | Over draining shunt, slit ventricle syndrome | |
| Group 4 | 12 | F | 18 months | Communicating hydrocephalus | Cannot fill reservoir | Normal | 5.6 | 5.6 | CT consistent with raised ICP shunt revised Raised ICP found at shunt revision |
| 13 | M | 10 days | Anteroparietal porencephaly, Post meningitic hydrocephalus | Seizures | 5.9 | 5.9 | Cranial ultrasound increased ventricular size shunt revised | ||
| 14 | F | 3 | Post haemorrhagic hydrocephalus | Vomiting and irritability Left VIn paresis | Swollen discs | 6.5 | 5.8 | Shunt revised raised ICP found at shunt revision | |
| 15 | M | 84 days | Post haemorrhagic hydrocephalus | Increasing head circumference Photophobia and vomiting | 6.5 | 6.7 | Cranial ultrasound increased ventricular size raised ICP- 32 cm H2O shunt revised | ||
| 16 | M | 2 years | Post haemorrhagic hydrocephalus | Drowsy and vomiting | Normal | 6.3 | 5.5 | Shunt revised | |
| 17 | F | 7 years | Hydrocephalus | Vomiting, headaches | 5.6 | 6.6 | Shunt revised raised ICP at shunt revision | ||
| 18 | M | 6 | Myelomeningocele with hydrocephalus | Unwell with headaches | Optic atrophy | 5.5 | 5.7 | Shunt revised raised ICP at shunt revision | |
| 19 | M | 2/12 | Primary hydrocephalus | Bulging fontanels | Normal | 4.7 | 4.6 | Cranial ultrasound, increased ventricular size shunt revised | |
| 20 (1) | M | 16 | Spina bifida | Headache, nausea, reduced conscious level | Normal | 5.3 | 5.0 | CT consistent with raised ICP shunt revised | |
| 21 (2) | F | 1/12 | Post haemorrhagic hydrocephalus | Vomiting, irritable and reduced conscious level | 5.0 | 5.0 | Shunt blocked shunt revised | ||
| 22 (3) | F | 1 year | Cervical meningocele | Unresponsive, irritable vomiting swollen discs | Swollen discs | 5.7 | 4.5 | CSF pressure >40 cm H2O shunt revised | |
| 23 (4) | F | 3 months | Post meningitic hydrocephalus | Reduced level of consciousness | 5.3 | 4.3 | CSF pressure 25 cm H2O shunt revised | ||