Table 1.
Age-sex specific prevalence rates of pterygia in provincial south Sumatra, Indonesia
| Prevalence rate, any pterygium (95% CI) | ||||||
| Total (n=1210) | Men (n=612) | Women (n=598) | ||||
| All ages | (n) | |||||
| Crude rate | 1210 | 9.3 (7.3, 11.2) | 612 | 10.0 (7.4, 12.5) | 598 | 8.5 (5.5, 11.6) |
| Age adjusted rate* | 10.0 (8.2, 11.7) | 10.4 (7.9, 12.9) | 9.5 (7.0, 12.0) | |||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 21–29 | 414 | 2.9 (0.4, 5.8) | 185 | 3.8 (0.0, 7.8) | 229 | 2.2 (0.02, 4.3) |
| 30–39 | 393 | 8.1 (3.0, 13.3) | 212 | 8.5 (3.0, 14.0) | 181 | 7.7 (16.8, 13.8) |
| 40–49 | 201 | 16.4 (9.5, 23.3) | 104 | 14.4 (3.5, 25.4) | 97 | 18.6 (13.6, 23.5) |
| 50–and above | 202 | 17.3 (10.4, 24.2) | 111 | 18.9 (10.6, 27.2) | 91 | 15.4 (9.5, 21.2) |
| p (trend) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Income (rupiah† per month) | ||||||
| <500 000 | 584 | 10.1 (7.0, 13.3) | 294 | 11.2 (7.9, 14.6) | 290 | 9.0 (5.4, 12.5) |
| 500 000–1 000 000 | 430 | 9.8 (4.6, 14.9) | 217 | 10.1 (6.7, 16.5) | 213 | 9.4 (3.4, 15.4) |
| 1 000 000 or more | 196 | 5.6 (2.4, 8.9) | 101 | 5.9 (1.5, 11.7) | 95 | 5.3 (1.6, 10.4) |
| p (trend) | 0.1 | 0.16 | 0.38 | |||
| Smoking | ||||||
| Never smoked | 625 | 9.4 (6.8, 12.1) | 105 | 12.4 (8.6, 16.1) | 520 | 8.8 (5.4, 12.3) |
| Ever smoked | 585 | 9.1 (5.9, 12.2) | 507 | 9.5 (6.0, 12.9) | 78 | 6.4 (2.1, 10.7) |
| p value | 0.82 | 0.37 | 0.48 | |||
| Occupation‡ | ||||||
| Level 0 | 594 | 7.5 (3.7, 11.4) | 149 | 8.7 (3.3, 14.1) | 445 | 7.2 (3.4, 11.0) |
| Level 1 | 110 | 9.1 (2.2, 16.0) | 66 | 12.2 (2.1, 22.2) | 44 | 4.5 (1.0, 8.1) |
| Level 2 | 74 | 9.4 (0.0, 21.6) | 28 | 10.7 (0.0, 26.3) | 46 | 8.7 (0.0, 21.8) |
| Level 3 | 63 | 6.3 (0.3, 12.4) | 54 | 5.6 (0.0, 12.6) | 9 | 11.1 (2.6, 19.6) |
| Level 4 | 369 | 12.4 (6.9, 18.0) | 315 | 10.8 (5.4, 16.1) | 54 | 22.2 (12.5, 32.0) |
| p (trend) | 0.02 | 0.7 | 0.001 | |||
| Outdoor activity | ||||||
| 5 years ago | ||||||
| >5 hours/day | 568 | 11.1 (8.3, 13.9) | 208 | 11.2 (7.7, 14.6) | 434 | 11.0 (5.8, 16.2) |
| ≤5 hours/day | 642 | 7.6 (5.4, 9.9) | 404 | 7.7 (4.0, 11.4) | 164 | 7.6 (4.8, 10.4) |
| p value | 0.2 | 0.18 | 0.19 | |||
| 10 years ago | ||||||
| >5 hours/day | 575 | 12.3 (9.0, 15.6) | 228 | 13.0 (9.7, 16.7) | 407 | 11.0 (4.4, 17.6) |
| ≤5 hours/day | 635 | 6.5 (3.6, 9.4) | 384 | 4.8 (0.6, 9.0) | 191 | 7.4 (4.5, 10.2) |
| p value | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.14 | |||
*Standardised to Indonesia 1990 population census.
†10000 rupiah = 1US$.
‡See text for more detailed description of categories (0 = indoor, 1–4 = outdoor, increasing time spent in outdoors, 0–4).