Structural domains of quorum-sensing activators. Domains of LuxR, identified by using genetic analysis and conserved motif structure are: I, autorepression; II, VAI-binding; III, multimerization; IV, DNA-binding (HTH); V, activation. The HTH domain of LuxR and TraR is indicated by the hatched box. The locations and amino acid substitutions in the DNA-binding and positive-control mutants are shown and are followed by the allele names.