Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Risk factors for osteoporosis in liver diseases
| Common risk factors | Cholestasis related risk factors |
|---|---|
| • Cirrhosis | • Calcium malabsorption |
| • Female sex | • Vit D malabsorption |
| • Old age | • Hyperbilirubinaemia |
| • Alcohol consumption | • Cholestyramine therapy |
| • Hypogonadism | |
| • Steroid therapy | |
| • Low BMI | |
| • VDR polymorphism | |
| • Impaired conversion to 25-OH vit D | |
| • Reduced osteocalcin activity |
BMI, body mass index; VDR, vitamin D receptor.
