Table 4.

Smoking habits in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (ulcerative colitis or Crohn's, n=129) compared with matched controls, and smoking habits in patients with PSC but without IBD (n=41) compared with matched controls

	PSC	Controls*	Odds ratio†	95% CI	p Value
Smoking in PSC with IBD
Never	84 (65%)	51 (40%)	1.0
Ever	45 (35%)	78 (60%)	0.35	0.2–0.6	<0.001
Former	35 (27%)	46 (35%)	0.46	0.25–0.8	<0.05
Current	10 (8%)	32 (25%)	0.19	0.08–0.44	<0.001
Smoking in PSC without IBD
Never	28 (68%)	15 (37%)	1.0
Ever	13 (32%)	26 (63%)	0.29	0.12–0.8	<0.05
Former	11 (27%)	15 (37%)	0.39	0.1–1.2	NS
Current	2 (5%)	11 (26%)	0.10	0.01–0.5	<0.05

*Controls matched to PSC patients in terms of age/sex/locality.

†Odds of having PSC relative to never smokers.