Table 4.

Phenotypic analysis of intestinal intraepithelial T lymphocytes (IEL) after coculture with bacteria

	Control mucosa	Inflamed mucosa Crohn’s disease
CD3 (% of cells)
Blank	15 (3–17)	6 (2–13)
L casei	17 (2–21)	4 (1–7)*†
L bulgaricus	13 (3–17)	4 (1–10)†
E coli	16 (5–19)	6 (1–14)
CD4 (% of CD3)
Blank	32 (15–69)	50 (31–61)
L casei	33 (14–53)	36 (18–63)*
L bulgaricus	29 (16–57)	40 (24–56)
E coli	29 (27–61)	39 (24–71)
TNF-α (% of CD3)
Blank	3 (1–17)	49 (4–77)
L casei	3 (2–9)	23 (2–58)*†
L bulgaricus	3 (1–8)	35 (3–75)†
E coli	5 (3–18)	53 (3–73)

*p<0.05 versus blank; †p< 0.05 versus E coli.

Data are median (range) (four control individuals and eight Crohn’s disease patients).

TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor α.