Clonal analysis was carried out using undigested and digested DNA from normal mucosa, diffuse interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) proliferation, and gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs). In case No 1, all of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of undigested (A1) and digested (A2) DNA from normal intestinal mucosa, digested DNA from diffuse ICC proliferation (A3), and GIST (A4) showed only one major peak with an allelic size of 246 bases, indicating that it was uninformative. In case No 2, the PCR product of digested DNA from normal intestinal mucosa (B1) and diffuse ICC proliferation (B2) showed two major peaks with allelic sizes of 231 and 246 bases, while that of digested DNA derived either from a small GIST (B3) or from a large GIST (B4) showed only one allele with a lower molecular weight (allelic size of 231 bases). In case No 3, the PCR product of digested DNA from normal intestinal mucosa (C1) and diffuse ICC proliferation (C2) showed two major peaks with allelic sizes of 240 and 252 bases, and that of digested DNA from a large GIST showed one allele with a lower molecular weight (allelic size of 240 bases) (C3), while that of digested DNA from a small GIST demonstrated the other allele with higher molecular weight (allelic size of 252 bases) (C4).