Table 4.

Frequency of a positive contrast echocardiography and prevalence of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) among cirrhotics, reported in previous publications

Cut off value for arterial oxygenation	n	% positive echo	% HPS	Reference
PaO2 <70 mm Hg	38	13	5	Krowka7
	53	47	15	Hopkins8
	47	23	13	Jensen11
	40	38	17.5	Abrams5
PaO2 <80 mm Hg	37	32	8	Vedrinne10
	37	51*	13*	Vedrinne10
AaDO2 >15 mm Hg	45	27	20	Rolla15
	36	NR	19	Martinez-Palli12
AaDO2 >age related threshold	98	NR	4	Stoller13
	88	28	16	Aller6
	88	42*	22*	Aller6

*Transoesophageal echocardiography.