(A) Specificity of anti-trefoil factor (TFF) antibodies. Western blots containing 150 μl of acetone precipitated proteins from CHO cells transfected with empty vector (lane 1) and vectors expressing TFF1 (lane 2), TFF2 (lane 3), and TFF3 (lane 4) were probed with anti-TFF antibodies. No cross reaction was observed. (b) Expression of TFFs in the small intestine (lanes 1–4) and stomach corpus (lanes 5–8) of two normal (+/+) and two TFF1 deficient (−/−)mice. For anti-TFF1 and anti-TFF2 probing, each lane contained 20 µg of total protein extracts (exposure time five seconds); for anti-TFF3, each lane contained acetone precipitated proteins from 400 µg of total protein extracts (exposure times five seconds and 30 minutes). Anti-ghrelin antibody was used as the loading control.21 TFF1 and TFF2 proteins were only present in the stomach corpus of normal mice. Irrespective of TFF1 status, high and low TFF3 levels were observed in the intestine and stomach corpus, respectively. Antibodies used (left) and protein size markers (right) are indicated.