Figure 1.
Pathogenesis of sepsis: endotoxin signalling pathway. IL, interleukin, LPS, lipopolysaccharides, LP, lipopeptides, MAP-k, mitogen activated protein kinase, NFκB, nuclear factor κB; PGN, peptidoglycan; TLR, toll-like receptors; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor α. Flash points represent changes that occur in cirrhosis that make them more susceptible to the development of infection.