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. 2005 Jul;54(7):1034–1043. doi: 10.1136/gut.2004.053843

Table 3.

 Recommendations for management of duodenal polyposis in familial adenomatous polyposis, adjusted to the Spigelman stage of duodenal polyposis

Spigelman stage Endoscopic frequency Chemoprevention Surgery
Stage 0 4 years No No
Stage I 2–3 years No No
Stage II 2–3 years +/− No
Stage III 6–12 months +/− +/−
Stage IV 6–12 months +/− Yes