Table 4.

 Effects of sociodemographic factors on survival up to one year after hospital admission for liver cirrhosis: odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals derived through Cox’s proportional hazards survival models, 1968–98

Sociodemographic factor	No of admissions	Odds ratio	(95% CI)*
Age group†
<35	504	1.00	Ref
35–44	1073	1.76	(1.29, 2.39)
45–54	1658	2.87	(2.15, 3.83)
55–64	2229	3.62	(2.73, 4.79)
65–74	1759	5.65	(4.27, 7.49)
75+	951	9.16	(6.89, 12.2)
Sex†
Men	4511	1.00	Ref
Women	3679	0.86	(0.78, 0.95)
Time period†
1968–73	465	1.00	Ref
1974–78	935	1.01	(0.84, 1.22)
1979–83	1546	0.89	(0.74, 1.06)
1984–88	1432	0.77	(0.64, 0.93)
1989–93	1660	0.92	(0.76, 1.11)
1994–98	2154	0.90	(0.74, 1.09)
Social class† ‡
I and II	619	1.00	Ref
III	701	1.12	(0.90, 1.39)
IV and V	440	1.13	(0.89, 1.43)

*95% CI, 95% confidence interval; Ref, reference category.

†The prognostic effect of sex is adjusted for age group, that of age group is adjusted for sex, and those for time period and social class are adjusted for age group and sex. For the purposes of satisfying the proportional hazards assumptions of Cox’s model, time dependent covariates for sex and time period are included with, respectively, sex and time period.

‡Analyses for social class cover the period 1968–89 only.