Table 1.

Causes of infectious diarrhoea

Enteropathogen	Acute watery diarrhoea	Dysentery	Persistent diarrhoea
Viruses
Rotavirus	+	−	−
Enteric adenovirus (types 40, 41)	+	−	−
Calicivirus	+	−	−
Astrovirus	+	−	−
Cytomegalovirus	+	+	+
Bacteria
Vibrio cholera and other vibrios	+	−	−
Enterotoxigenic E coli(ETEC)	+	−	−
Enteropathogenic E coli(EPEC)	+	−	+
Enteroaggregative E coli(EAggEC)	+	−	+
Enteroinavsive E coli(EIEC)	+	+	−
Enterohaemorraghic E coli(EHEC)	+	+	−
Shigella spp	+	+	+
Salmonella spp	+	+	+
Campylobacter spp	+	+	+
Yersinia spp	+	+	+
Clostridium difficile	+	+	+
Mycobacterium tuberculosis	−	+	+
Protozoa
Giardia intestinalis	+	−	+
Cryptosporidium parvum	+	−	+
Microsporidia	+	−	+
Isospora belli	+	−	+
Cyclospora cayetanensis	+	−	+
Entamoeba histolytica	+	+	+
Balantidium coli	+	+	+
Helminths
Strongyloides stercoralis	−	−	+
Schistosoma spp	−	+	+