Table 1.
comparison of socio-demographic status and child history variables for prisoners with a drug abuse/dependence (N = 278) or an alcohol abuse/dependence (N = 174)
| Total | Drug abuse and dependence (last 12 months) | Alcohol abuse and dependence (last 12 months) | ||||||
| N = 998 | Yes (278) | No (720) | Yes (174) | No (824) | ||||
| %(N) | % | % | Odd ratio [IC95]1 | % | % | Odd ratio [IC95]1 | ||
| Socio-demographic status | ||||||||
| Gender | Female | 9.9(99) | 6.5 | 11.2 | 7.1 | 10.6 | ||
| Class of age (qualitative ordinate) | ||||||||
| 18–29 years (ref) | 29.0(289) | 48.2 | 21.5 | 1 | 44.0 | 25.5 | ||
| 30–39 years | 27.3(273) | 23.3 | 38.1 | 0.5(0.4–0.6)‡ | 31.0 | 26.6 | ||
| 40–49 years | 23.6(236) | 28.3 | 11.4 | 0.3(0.2–0.4)‡ | 17.9 | 24.9 | ||
| 50–59 years | 12.1(121) | 2.2 | 16.0 | 0.0(0.0–0.1)‡ | 6.0 | 13.5 | ||
| 60 years and more | 7.9(79) | 0.0 | 11.0 | 0.0(0.0–0.1)‡ | 1.1 | 9.5 | ||
| Education | High school diploma (ref) | 11.6(116) | 7.9 | 13.1 | 4.9 | 13.1 | 1 | |
| No education | 45.7(455) | 50.4 | 43.7 | 50.6 | 44.5 | 2.1(0.97–4.7) | ||
| GCSE | 35.3(352) | 39.2 | 33.7 | 41.8 | 33.8 | 2.6(1.2–5.7)* | ||
| University | 7.3(75) | 2.5 | 9.5 | 2.7 | 8.6 | 0.9(0.3–3.2) | ||
| Marital status | Single (ref) | 41.2(411) | 62.2 | 33.5 | 1 | 52.2 | 38.7 | |
| Married | 36.0(358) | 25.2 | 40.0 | 0.4(0.3–0.6)‡ | 29.3 | 37.4 | ||
| Separated | 19.7(196) | 11.9 | 23.1 | 0.7(0.4–1.2) | 17.4 | 20.5 | ||
| Widow | 3.0(30) | 0.7 | 3.9 | 0.6(0.1–3.9) | 1.1 | 3.4 | ||
| Employment for at least two year (yes) | 63.2(574) | 59.0 | 34.2 | 44.0 | 62.3 | |||
| Child history§ | ||||||||
| Judge in childhood | 26.9269) | 45.7 | 19.7 | 42.9 | 23.3 | |||
| Separation from one parent > 6 month | 43.2(431) | 57.5 | 37.6 | 1.6(1.1–2.3)* | 49.5 | 41.8 | ||
| Family with a history of imprisonment | 30.2(301) | 41.7 | 25.7 | 40.2 | 27.9 | |||
| Placement | 21.9(219) | 33.8 | 17.4 | 30.4 | 20.0 | |||
| Death of a family member in childhood | 35.1(350) | 40.6 | 32.9 | 38.0 | 34.4 | |||
| Ill-Treatment | 29.8(297) | 40.3 | 25.7 | 40.8 | 27.3 | |||
| Previous history of trauma (other than ill-Treatment) | 24.5(245) | 34.2 | 20.8 | 1.9(1.3–2.9)** | 29.9 | 23.3 | ||
1The odd ratio presented were obtained after a logistic regression using a stepwise selection process (α = 0.05), adjusted on DSM IV psychiatric disorders, psychiatric history, temperaments, socio-demographic status, childhood history And imprisonment characteristics.
§"No" is the reference for all these variables
*p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 † p < 0.001 ‡ p < 0.0001