Table 2.
comparison of imprisonment characteristics for prisoners with a drug abuse/dependence (N = 278) or an alcohol abuse/dependence (N = 174)
| Total | Drug abuse and dependence (last 12 months) | Alcohol abuse and dependence (last 12 months) | ||||||
| N = 998 | Yes (278) | No (720) | Yes (174) | No (824) | ||||
| %(N) | % | (N) | Odd ratio [IC95%]1 | (N) | (N) | Odd ratio [IC95%]1 | ||
| Type of prison | "Center de detention" (ref) | 25.0(249) | 16.2 | 28.3 | 1 | 14.1 | 27.4 | 1 |
| "Arrest house" | 55.0(549) | 62.6 | 52.1 | 1.5(0.9–2.5) | 72.3 | 51.1 | 2.0(1.2–3.4)** | |
| "Central house" | 10.0(100) | 4.0 | 12.4 | 0.7(0.3–1.5) | 0.6 | 12.2 | 0.1(0.02–0.97)* | |
| "Overseas department" | 10.0(100) | 17.2 | 7.2 | 5.7(2.9–11.3)‡ | 13.0 | 9.3 | 1.7(0.8–3.4) | |
| Previous history of imprisonment (ref: no) | 46.6(465) | 66.5 | 38.9 | 2.6(1.8–3.9)‡ | 59.2 | 43.7 | ||
| Length of time spent in prison | <= 6 months (ref) | 33.3(332) | 47.1 | 27.9 | 52.7 | 28.9 | ||
| Six months-one year | 25.7(257) | 24.9 | 26.1 | 25.0 | 25.9 | |||
| One year – two years | 19.9(199) | 16.5 | 21.2 | 14.7 | 21.1 | |||
| Two years – five years | 16.8(168) | 10.8 | 19.2 | 7.0 | 19.1 | |||
| Five years and more | 4.2(42) | 0.7 | 5.6 | 0.6 | 5.0 | |||
| Length of sentence | Less than six month (ref) | 4.0(40) | 7.2 | 2.8 | 8.1 | 3.1 | 1 | |
| Between 6 months to one year | 11.7(111) | 21.9 | 7.8 | 23.9 | 9.0 | 0.9(0.4–2.0) | ||
| Between one to five years | 37.1(370) | 47.2 | 33.2 | 49.5 | 34.2 | 0.7(0.4–1.7) | ||
| More than five years | 47.2(471) | 23.7 | 56.2 | 18.6 | 53.7 | 0.3(0.1–0.6)‡ | ||
| Type of crime | Crime against people (ref) | 52.7(526) | 33.1 | 60.3 | 1 | 45.7 | 54.3 | 1 |
| Crime against property | 37.9(378) | 54.0 | 31.6 | 2.7(1.8–4.0)‡ | 45.1 | 36.2 | 0.5(0.4–0.9)† | |
| Both | 9.4(94) | 12.9 | 8.1 | 1.7(0.9–3.1) | 9.2 | 9.5 | 0.7(0.3–1.4) | |
1The odd ratio presented were obtained after a logistic regression using a stepwise selection process (α = 0.05), adjusted on DSM IV psychiatric disorders, psychiatric history, temperaments, socio-demographic status, childhood history and imprisonment characteristics.
*p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 †p < 0.001 ‡p < 0.0001