Table 4.
Means, SDs, and F and P values of the ANOVA effects for group, time, and group × time (G × T) and T and P values for secondary measures: cognitive variables and behavioural variables pre-treatment (T1) in comparison with post-treatment (T2), 6 months (T3) and 12 months (T4) in the CBT, OBT, and AP groups
| Secondary variables – Cognitive variables | |||||||||||
| Main effects | |||||||||||
| Secondary variables | Group | T1 Mean (SD) | T2 Mean (SD) | T3 Mean (SD) | T4 Mean (SD) | Group F P |
Time F P |
G × T F P |
T1 vs. T2 T P |
T1 vs. T3 T P |
T1 vs. T4 T P |
| PRSS – Coping | CBT | 3.25 (0.61) | 3.68 (0.76) | 3.74 (0.59) | 3.89 (0.54) | -3.29 0.002 | -3.28 0.002 | -4.83 <0.001 | |||
| OBT | 2.96 (1.02) | 3.18 (0.99) | 3.43 (0.80) | 3.52 (1.10) | -1.82 ns | -3.43 0.002 | -2.72 0.010 | ||||
| AP | 2.94 (0.68) | 2.97 (0.99) | 2.69 (0.72) | 2.27 (0.99) | -0.37 ns | 2.94 0.006 | 4.66 <0.001 | ||||
| CBT vs. OBT (F, P) | 2.20 ns | 5.90 0.02 | 3.29 ns | 3.05 ns | 20.44 <0.001 | 5.16 0.002 | 16.18 <0.001 | ||||
| CBT vs. AP (F, P) | 3.34 ns | 18.01 ns | 46.19 <0.001 | 74.50 <0.001 | |||||||
| OBT vs. AP (F, P) | 0.01 ns | 1.15 ns | 17.28 <0.001 | 26.42 <0.001 | |||||||
| PRSS – Catastrophising | CBT | 2.29 (0.93) | 1.69 (1.04) | 1.69 (1.08) | 1.49 (1.06) | 4.14 <0.001 | 3.55 0.001 | 4.12 <0.001 | |||
| OBT | 2.48 (1.20) | 2.13 (1.31) | 1.67 (1.01) | 1.67 (1.21) | 2.48 0.018 | 4.65 <0.001 | 4.23 <0.001 | ||||
| AP | 2.36 (1.02) | 2.27 (1.00) | 2.58 (0.93) | 2.83 (1.13) | 1.05 ns | -2.37 0.023 | -2.94 0.006 | ||||
| CBT vs. OBT (F, P) | 0.54 ns | 2.50 0.020 | 0.04 ns | 0.44 ns | 6.52 0.002 | 8.76 <0.001 | 12.99 <0.001 | ||||
| CBT vs. AP (F, P) | 0.10 ns | 6.27 0.014 | 14.91 <0.001 | 27.54 <0.001 | |||||||
| OBT vs. AP (F, P) | 0.19 ns | 0.29 ns | 16.25 <0.001 | 17.86 <0.001 | |||||||
| Secondary variables – Behavioural variables | |||||||||||
| Pain behaviour | CBT | 89.91 (73.40) | 72.10 (56.63) | 80.11 (65.79) | 82.84 (73.32) | 1.88 ns | 0.97 ns | 0.73 Ns | |||
| OBT | 114.16 (51.32) | 73.96 (40.71) | 64.89 (43.20) | 42.63 (49.35) | 2.67 0.011 | 3.03 0.005 | 3.43 0.001 | ||||
| AP | 88.79 (49.13) | 104.38 (49.81) | 111.1 (52.66) | 124.4 (57.17) | -0.35 0.002 | -3.39 0.002 | -4.41 <0.001 | ||||
| CBT vs. OBT (F, P) | 1.10 ns | 0.03 0.02 | 1.23 ns | 6.86 0.010 | 2.68 ns | 2.37 ns | 11.39 <0.001 | ||||
| CBT vs. AP (F p) | 0.01 ns | 5.49 0.02 | 4.01 ns | 5.94 0.020 | |||||||
| OBT vs. AP (F, P) | 1.13 ns | 7.01 0.01 | 13.73 <0.001 | 34.77 <0.001 | |||||||
| MPI – Solicitous spouse behaviour | CBT | 3.30 (1.62) | 2.97 (1.25) | 3.32 (1.31) | 3.39 (1.10) | 0.68 ns | 0.02 ns | -0.14 Ns | |||
| OBT | 4.00 (0.79) | 2.95 (1.02) | 3.20 (1.44) | 2.76 (1.31) | 4.33 <0.001 | 3.37 0.020 | 4.16 0.001 | ||||
| AP | 3.23 (1.25) | 3.29 (1.21) | 3.99 (1.17) | 4.11 (1.16) | -0.68 ns | -2.91 0.006 | -3.16 0.003 | ||||
| CBT vs. OBT (F, P) | 2.43 ns | 0.01 ns | 0.02 ns | 2.22 ns | 1.18 ns | 4.07 0.011 | 6.58 0.001 | ||||
| CBT vs. AP (F, P) | 0.01 ns | 1.33 0.014 | 3.73 ns | 3.25 ns | |||||||
| OBT vs. AP (F, P) | 3.07 ns | 2.04 ns | 4.34 ns | 11.35 0.001 | |||||||