Table 3.

Demographic Data and Mean Summary Data for the Severe CHI and Control Groups

	M		SD		N
Test variable	CHI	Con	CHI	Con	CHI	Con	Cohen’s d
WAIS–R estimated FSIQa	98.71	102.67	8.74	8.32	17	18	0.46
SDMT total oral correct	54.72	69.65*	18.45	14.23	18	17	0.90
SDMT total written correct	47.00	61.29**	14.56	11.46	18	17	1.09
Trails A (time)	33.94	22.41*	21.73	6.17	18	17	0.71
CVLT total recalled Trials 1–5	38.50	54.76**	18.96	9.57	18	17	1.07
CVLT Long-Delay Free Recall	7.29	12.06**	4.86	2.46	17	17	1.24
WMS–III Logical Memory I total	35.00	43.67*	11.77	8.78	18	18	0.83
WMS–III Logical Memory II total	18.72	29.06**	9.86	5.09	18	18	1.31
TAWF total correct	31.94	34.94	7.47	1.63	17	17	0.56
Trails B (time)	90.11	50.59*	70.32	15.60	18	17	0.76
WAIS–III Letter/Number Sequencing	8.94	11.65*	3.95	3.24	18	17	0.85
COWAT total correct	33.11	43.76**	9.55	10.41	18	18	0.97
WCST–64 Failure to Maintain Set	.88	.61	.89	.61	16	18	0.35
WCST–64 Perseverative Responses	7.06	8.22	3.91	5.19	16	18	0.25
WCST–64 Conceptual Responses	47.06	45.28	8.53	9.91	16	18	0.19
Stroop Interference (T score)	54.43	53.12	6.97	9.68	14	17	0.15

Note. Unless otherwise indicated, mean scores are raw scores. CHI = closed-head injury; Con = control; WAIS– R = Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised; FSIQ = Full Scale Intelligence Quotient; SDMT = Symbol Digit Modalities Test; CVLT = California Verbal Learning Test; WMS–III = Wechsler Memory Scale—Third Edition; TAWF = Test of Adult Word Finding; WAIS–III = Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Third Edition; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test (PRW form); WCST = Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.

^aWAIS-R estimated FSIQ was derived from participants’ total score on the Shipley Institute of Living Scale (Zachary, 1991).

^*p =.05.

^**p =.01.