Table 1.

Definitions of the Metabolic Syndrome

Risk factors	National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) (≥3 of 5 criteria necessary)	World Health Organization (WHO) 1999 (impaired glucose regulation or hyperinsulinemia and ≥2 of criteria necessary)	European Group on Insulin Resistance (EGIR) 2002 (hyperinsulinemia and ≥2 of criteria necessary)
Impaired glucose regulation	110 to 126 mg/dl (6.1 to 7.0 mmol/L)	Plasma glucose: fasting ≥6.1 mmol/L or 2-hour postglucose load ≥7.8 mmol/L or capillary whole blood glucose: fasting ≥5.6 mmol/L or 2-hour postglucose load ≥7.8 mmol/L	Fasting plasma ≥6.1 mmol/L or capillary whole blood ≥5.6 mmol/L
Hyperinsulinemia	Not included	Fasting serum insulin ≥ third quartile for control group	Fasting serum insulin ≥ third quartile for nondiabetic control group
Abdominal obesity	Men: waist circumference ≥40 inches (102 cm); women: waist circumference ≥35 inches (89 cm)	Waist-to-hip ratio >0.85 or BMI >30 kg/m2	Waist circumference >80 cm
Triglycerides	≥150 mg/dl (1.7 mmol/L)	Fasting serum triglyceride ≥1.7 mmol/L	Fasting serum triglyceride >2.0 mmol/L and/or HDLc <1.0 mmol/L and/or treatment for dyslipidemia
HDLc	Men: ≤40 mg/dl (1.04 mmol/L); women: ≤50 mg/dl (1.3 mmol/L)	Not included	Included with triglycerides
Hypertension	≥130/≥80 mm Hg	≥140/90 mm Hg	Systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg and/or treatment for hypertension
Microalbuminuria	Not included	Albumin/creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g	Not included