TABLE 3—
Percentage of Early Otitis Media (OM) in Infants, by Maternal and Infant Sociodemographic Characteristics and Risk Variables: Little Ears Study, Minnesota, 1997–2003
| No. of Infants (% With Early OM) | P | |
| Maternal characteristics/beliefs | ||
| Education | .99 | |
| More than high school | 62 (63) | |
| High school or less | 143 (63) | |
| Employment status | .93 | |
| Work, school, or both | 93 (62) | |
| Neither | 112 (63) | |
| Marital status | .72 | |
| Married/living with partner | 127 (62) | |
| Other | 78 (64) | |
| Age at delivery, y | .71 | |
| <19 | 35 (60) | |
| ≥19 | 180 (63) | |
| Alcohol use in early pregnancy | .38 | |
| Yes | 110 (65) | |
| No | 93 (60) | |
| OM nothing to worry about | .01 | |
| True | 10 (40) | |
| False/don’t know | 195 (65) | |
| OM gets better by itself | .01 | |
| True | 11 (41) | |
| False/don’t know | 194 (65) | |
| I can take steps to prevent OM | .54 | |
| Disagree/don’t know | 21 (68) | |
| Agree | 184 (62) | |
| Infant characteristics | ||
| Gender | .56 | |
| Male | 104 (61) | |
| Female | 96 (64) | |
| Breast-feeding at 2 weeks | .81 | |
| No | 123 (62) | |
| Yes | 77(63) | |
| Regular exposure to children | .07 | |
| Exposure to more than 2 children | 117 (67) | |
| Exposure to 0–2 children | 83 (57) | |
| OM preceded by upper respiratory infection | .02 | |
| Yes | 108 (69) | |
| No | 107 (57) | |
| Mother smokes | .50 | |
| Yes | 103 (61) | |
| No | 97 (64) | |
| Any smoker in household | .69 | |
| Yes | 160 (62) | |
| No | 40 (65) | |
| Maternal OM history | .04 | |
| Yes | 66 (69) | |
| No | 104 (56) | |
| Paternal OM history | .06 | |
| Yes | 26 (81) | |
| No | 88 (59) | |
| Don’t know | 72 (61) | |
| Full or half sibling OM history | .14 | |
| Yes | 82 (69) | |
| No | 37 (60) | |
| Don’t know | 15 (52) | |
| Study visit compliance | <.001 | |
| 2 or more visits | 167 (70) | |
| Less than 2 visits | 48 (45) | |