Table 3.
Median frequency (quartiles) of non-verbal behaviour
| Guidelines n = 10 | Implicit n = 11 | Explicit n = 8 | |
| Doctors | |||
| Nodding | 17 (15–20) | 36 (29–45) | 21 (18–28) |
| Head shake | 4 (2–5) | 2 (1–3) | 0 (0–1) |
| Smiling | 0 (0-0) | 1 (0–3) | 2 (0–3) |
| Touching the patient | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0–1) |
| Pointing at the patient | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) |
| Touching/pointing at tool | 6 (3–8) | 1 (1–4) | 6 (4–12) |
| Hand gesturing (illustrative) | 9 (4–15) | 11 (4–21) | 13 (4–15) |
| Eye-gaze towards patient | 15 (12–18) | 19 (16–20) | 19 (17–20) |
| Eye-gaze towards tool | 5 (3–7) | 15 (14–19) | 16 (16–18) |
| Position inclined to patient | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0–3) | 0 (0–1) |
| Position inclined to tool | 2 (0–4) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) |
| Patients | |||
| Nodding | 21 (16–34) | 31 (13–39) | 19 (15–31) |
| Head shake | 3 (1–6) | 3 (2–7) | 4 (2–7) |
| Smiling | 2 (1–3) | 0 (0–1) | 1 (0–2) |
| Touching the doctor | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) |
| Pointing at the doctor | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) |
| Touching/pointing at tool | 0 (0–1) | 1 (0–3) | 0 (0–1) |
| Hand gesturing (illustrative) | 3 (2–7) | 5 (3–10) | 6 (2–7) |
| Eye-gaze towards doctor | 15 (12–18) | 19 (17–20) | 17 (16–18) |
| Eye-gaze towards tool | 5 (3–6) | 16 (14–17) | 16 (15–17) |
| Position inclined to doctor | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0–3) | 0 (0–1) |
| Position incline to tool | 2 (0–4) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) |
Footnote: Items in bold indicate statistically significant differences across the arms of the trial using Kruskal Wallis tests. Doctors' behaviour: nodding χ2 = 10.5, df 2, p < 0.005; head shaking χ2 = 10.1, df 2, P < 0.006; smiling χ2 = 6.4, df 2, P = 0.04, pointing at the patient χ2 = 8.4, df 2, P = 0.01 and touching/pointing at the decision aid χ2 = 10.0, df 2, P = 0.007 and eye-gaze towards the decision aid χ2 = 18.4, df 2, P < 0.001. Patients' behaviour : tool directed eye-gaze χ2 = 17.3, df 2, P < 0.0001.