Table 1.

Prevalences of microalbuminuria in people with diabetes among Africans

Study	Type of diabetes	N	Age (years)	Duration (years)	urine sample	AER criteria	albumin assay	Prevalences
Erasmus, RT 1992 Nigeria	Type 2	113	51.1 yrs	0.2–25	24 hr urine one sample	Micro = ≥30 mg/24 hr	Immunodiffusion	microalb 57% 52%-dur<5 yrs
Rahlenbeck, SI 1997 Ethiopia	IDDM-	71	32.6 ± 9.5 30.6 ± 8.9	6.0 ± 4.9 11.4 ± 6.7	Spot morning (3 consecutive visits)	Urinary alb conc. micro = 30–299 mg/L macro = >300 mg/L	MICRAL	microalb-32% macrolb-15%
	NIDDM-	99	55.4 ± 13 59.9 ± 8	5.3 ± 3.9 10.3 ± 5.5				microalb-37% macroalb-20%
Sobngwi, E 1999 Cameroon	Type 1 Type 2	9 55	19–70 yrs	1–23 yrs	Overnight urine	UAE rate micro = 30 mg/24 hr	MICRAL	microalb 53,1%
Wanjohi, FW 2002 Kenya	Type 2 New	100	53.7 ± 9.3	10.3 ± 7.5 (months)	Spot morning-one sample	Urinary alb conc. Cut of limits not defined	MICRAL	microalb-26% macroal b-1pt
Current Study 2006 Tanzania	Type 1 Type 2	91 153	21 (4–44.8) 53 (24–85)	3(0–17) 4(0–25)	Timed overnight 2 samples	AER	Immunoturbidimetry	T1micro-12.1% T1macro-1.1% T2micro-9.8% T2macro-7.2%