Table 2.

Sex-specific hazard ratios of death within one year of a heart failure-related hospitalization

	Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)
Variable	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5
	Men (N = 2,203)
Year 2000 (vs. 1995)	0.76 (0.65–0.88)	0.77 (0.67–0.90)	0.75 (0.65–0.88)	0.75 (0.65–0.88)	0.82 (0.70–0.96)
Age (per 1 year)	--	1.03 (1.02–1.04)	1.03 (1.02–1.04)	1.03 (1.02–1.04)	1.03 (1.02–1.04)
History of CHF	--	--	1.61 (1.35–1.91)	1.67 (1.41–1.99)	1.56 (1.31–1.85)
ACE inhibitor (in hospital)	--	--	--	0.52 (0.45–0.60)	--
Beta blocker (in hospital)	--	--	--	--	0.76 (0.63–0.90)
	Women (N = 1,879)
Year 2000 (vs. 1995)	0.99 (0.83–1.18)	1.00 (0.84–1.19)	0.96 (0.80–1.14)	0.93 (0.78–1.11)	1.13 (0.94–1.36)
Age (per 1 year)	--	1.03 (1.02–1.04)	1.03 (1.02–1.04)	1.03 (1.02–1.04)	1.03 (1.02–1.04)
History of CHF	--	--	1.44 (1.18–1.75)	1.45 (1.20–1.77)	1.40 (1.15–1.70)
ACE inhibitor (in hospital)	--	--	--	0.61 (0.51–0.73)	--
Beta blocker (in hospital)	--	--	--	--	0.56 (0.45–0.69)

ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme