Inhibition of V. vulnificus-mediated IL-8 production in INT-407 cells by a specific inhibitor for NF-κB activation, BAY11-7082. (a) INT-407 cells were pretreated with the NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 (5–30 µm) for 1 hr, followed by infection with V. vulnificus. The cellular RNA was prepared and subjected to RT-PCR for evaluation of IL-8 mRNA levels. (b) INT-407 cells were infected with V. vulnificus at 10 MOI for 60 min. Afterwards the cells were washed with PBS and postcultured for 24 hr. The culture supernatants were analysed for IL-8 protein by ELISA. As a control, the cells were pretreated with BAY11-7082, followed by stimulation with LPS. The data represent the mean ± SE (n = 3). *P < 0·002, relative to a group infected with V. vulnificus without BAY11-7082 treatment.