Figure 5.

ST-Siase(2,3) and PNGase F enhance cytokine expression in CD4⁺ T cells from young and old mice. 10⁶ CD4⁺ T cells/ml from young (dark bars) and old (light bars) mice were either treated with ST-Siase(2,3) or PNGase F, or left untreated, and then stimulated with αCD3 plus αCD28. The supernatants were collected after 6 hr of stimulation and analysed for IL-2 (top panel), and IFN-γ (bottom panel) by ELISA. The bars represent mean ± SEM from six young and six old mice from six independent experiments. Asterisks (*) indicate significant difference with untreated mice of the same age group (young or old). Letters (a) and (b) indicate significant effects of age.