Anxiety-like behavior in mutant mice lacking OFQ/N (−/−) and their heterozygous (+/−) and wild-type (+/+) littermates. (A) Open-field test. Numbers of entries in the central zone, time spent in the central zone, and total distance traveled during a 10-min test trial are depicted. OFQ/N+/+, n = 12; OFQ/N+/−, n = 12; OFQ/N−/−, n = 20. (B) Plus maze assay. (Left) Entries into open arms (percent of all entries into new zones) and time spent in open arms during a 5-min trial are shown. (Right) Latency until first entry into an open arm is depicted. OFQ/N+/+, n = 12; OFQ/N+/−, n = 12; OFQ/N−/−, n = 20. (C) Light-dark box. (Left) Scores for entries into the illuminated compartment and percentage of time spent in there during the 5-min trial period are shown. (Right) Latency until first exit from the dark compartment is depicted. OFQ/N+/+, n = 12; OFQ/N+/−, n = 12; OFQ/N−/−, n = 20. All data are mean ± SEM. ∗, P < 0.05; ∗∗, P < 0.01.