Wnt and Shh interact in the developing tongue. Organ culture of E12.5 tongues from wild-type (Left) or TOPGAL (Right) mice treated for 2 days in culture with 5 mM LiCl (A), 50 μg/ml anti-Shh antibody (5E1) (C), or 2.5 μg/ml Shh-N (E) and examined for expression of Shh and β-gal in fungiform papillae. Control tongues (A, C, and E) were cultured for 2 days under standard culture conditions (STAND). Treatment with LiCl (A) or the anti-Shh antibody (C) up-regulated expression of both Shh and β-gal. Treatment with Shh-N (E) nearly abolished expression of Shh and down-regulated expression of β-gal. (B, D, and F) Histograms of the percent increase/decrease of the number of the Shh-immunoreactive fungiform papillae in treated vs. standard culture conditions, corresponding to images in A, C, and E, respectively (n = 6–7; ∗, P < 0.001; means ± SD). (Scale bar: 0.5 mm.)