Table 1.

Mean (SD) scores and mean difference scores for each item and total scores on the Punjabi and English version of the HADS†

Item	Mean (SD) score on Punjabi version	Mean (SD) score on English version	Mean (SD) difference in scores†
Anxiety
A1 (Tenseness)	1.11 (0.97)	1.10 (0.87)	0.01 (0.83)
A3 (Frightened)	1.07 (1.07)	1.40 (1.02)	-0.33 (1.06)*
A5 (Worry)	1.14 (1.08)	1.16 (0.97)	-0.03 (1.00)
A7 (Relaxed)	1.14 (1.03)	1.01 (0.95)	0.12 (0.88)
A9 (Nervousness)	0.93 (0.89)	0.89 (0.91)	0.04 (0.84)
A11 (Restlessness)	1.63 (1.03)	1.37 (0.92)	0.26 (1.09)*
A13 (Panic)	1.34 (0.99)	1.23 (1.03)	0.11 (0.89)
Anxiety subscale score	8.36 (4.79)	8.16 (4.88)	0.19 (2.71)
Depression
D2 (Current enjoyment)	1.25 (1.02)	0.96 (0.90)	0.29 (1.11)*
D4 (Laughter)	0.86 (1.00)	0.71 (0.99)	0.15 (0.95)
D6 (Cheerfulness)	0.85 (0.70)	0.82 (0.86)	0.03 (1.09)
D8 (Reduced energy)	1.40 (0.94)	1.41 (0.90)	-0.01 (1.07)
D10 (Loss of interest)	1.07 (1.10)	0.90 (0.97)	0.16 (0.91)
D12 (Future enjoyment)	0.77 (0.87)	1.05 (1.03)	-0.29 (1.03)*
D14 (Leisure time enjoyment)	0.85 (0.94)	0.66 (0.89)	0.19 (0.74)*
Depression subscale score	7.04 (3.97)	6.52 (4.67)	0.52 (3.28)
Total HADS score	15.40 (8.24)	14.68 (8.61)	0.71 (4.76)

† = Punjabi score minus English score

* = p < 0.05 (based on one sample t-tests)