Table 2.
Distinct HIV interactions with immature and mature dendritic cells (DCs)
| Features | Immature DCs | Mature DCs | References |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Anatomical localization |
Mucosa, peripheral tissues | Secondary lymphoid tissues |
17, 22 |
|
Immunological function |
Capture and process antigen |
Present antigen, prime T cells |
17, 22 |
| HIV interactions | |||
| Viral fusion | Occurs (but less efficient than CD4+ T cells) |
Decreased and kinetically slowed |
104 |
| Replication | Productive (but slower and less efficient than active CD4+ T cells) |
10-100-fold lower; post-integration inhibition |
30, 31, 105, 134 |
| Intracellular accumulations of virion |
Less virions | 15-fold more viral DNA, much more virions |
42, 106 |
| Transmission to CD4+ T cells |
Efficient, partially dependent on DC-SIGN |
Highly efficient and independent of DC- SIGN * |
9, 58, 61, 90-92, 103 |
*
L.W. and V.N.K., unpublished observations.