TABLE 2.
Selected phyletic patterns reflecting the evolutionary trends of different groups of Lactobacillales
| Patterna: | No. of LaCOGs | Comments and examples |
|---|---|---|
| abcdefghijkl | ||
| +++++++−++++ | 35 | Specific gene loss in O. oeni; several informational genes lost: MutL, MutS, RadC, Sun |
| ++++++++++−+ | 21 | Specific gene loss in L. delbrueckii: several sugar metabolism genes lost: Eno, GalKMT |
| ++++++−−++++ | 17 | Specific gene loss in O. oeni and L. mesenteroides; several RNA modification genes lost: TrmU, TrmE, RsuA, GidA |
| ++++++++−−++ | 12 | Specific gene loss in L. johnsonii and L. gasseri; 8 genes of fatty acid biosynthesis lost |
| −+++++++++++ | 29 | Specific loss in S. thermophilus; 4 genes of 6-phosphogluconate pathway |
| −−−+++++++++ | 21 | Specific loss Streptococcus-Lactococcus branch; several genes of central metabolism: FumC, GpmA, Gmk |
| +−−+++++++++ | 16 | Specific loss in Lactococcus branch; 5 genes for amino acid transport |
| +++−++++−−++ | 11 | A set of bacteria that lost purine biosynthesis genes (9 of 11) |
| −−−−−−−−++−− | 88 | Specific signature of gastrointestinal tract-inhabiting bacteria L. johnsonii and L. gasseri; 48 of these genes are uncharacterized |
| −−−−−−−−+++− | 38 | Signature of related bacteria (Fig. 4); 28 of these genes are uncharacterized |
| +++−+−+−−−−+ | 18 | A set of bacteria that encode genes for aromatic acid biosynthesis and histidine biosynthesis (14 of 18) |
| −−−−−−−−−−++ | 16 | Genes shared between L. delbrueckii and L .casei: 8 belong to a distinct version of the CASS |
| +++−+−+−−−−− | 8 | All these genes are involved in amino acid biosynthesis, mostly proline and tryptophan |
a
+, gene is present in the species; −, gene is absent. Species are denoted by letters as follows: a, S. thermophilus; b, L. lactis subsp. lactis; c, L. lactis subsp. cremoris; d, L. brevis; e, L. plantarum; f, P. pentosaceus; g, L. mesenteroides; h, O. oeni; i, L. johnsonii; j, L. gasseri; k, L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus; l, L. casei.