(A) Coflotation of virus with liposomes at alkaline pH. Virus was incubated for 10 min with liposomes at 37 °C at pH 10.0 (boxes) and as controls at pH 5.4 (diamonds) or pH 8.0 (circles), back-neutralized, and then subjected to centrifugation in sucrose step gradients. The gradients were fractionated, and the amount of E protein in each fraction was determined by a quantitative four-layer ELISA after denaturation of the samples with 0.4% SDS. The top fractions containing virus bound to liposomes are indicated by a bracket.
(B) Percentage of E protein bound to liposomes at different pHs compared with the control at pH 5.4.
(C) Percentage of E protein bound to liposomes at pH 10.0 after preincubation with different monoclonal antibodies compared with the control without monoclonal antibodies.