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. 2005 Aug 26;65(4):520–524. doi: 10.1136/ard.2005.037317

Table 2 Prevalence of potential risk factors and confounding factors.

Men Women Total
Reported alcohol intake in previous week (mean (SD) and range)
All drinks 12.8 (16.6) 0 to 189 2.9 (4.7) 0 to 44 7.5 (12.8) 0 to 189
Beer 6.5 (10.7) 0 to 56 0.2 (1.3) 0 to 13 3.1 (8.0) 0 to 56
Wine 1.0 (4.5) 0 to 72 0.6 (1.6) 0 to 10 0.8 (3.3) 0 to 72
Spirits 5.2 (12.6) 0 to 189 1.8 (4.1) 0 to 44 3.4 (9.3) 0 to 189
Smoking behaviour (n and % (95% CI)
Current smoker 172 43.1% (38.2 to 48.1) 162 35.3% (30.9 to 39.9) 334 38.9% (35.6 to 42.3)
Body mass index (mean (SD) and range)
BMI (kg/m2) 26.0 (3.4) 17.8 to 40.3 26.3 (4.9) 13.1 to 48.1 26.2 (4.3) 13.1 to 48.1
Obese (BMI>30 kg/m2)* 46 11.5% (8.6 to 15.1) 87 19.0% (15.5 to 22.8) 133 15.5% (13.1 to 18.1)
Intermediaries and potential confounders (n and % (95% CI))
Manual social class 253 63.4% (58.5 to 68.1) 244 53.2% (48.5 to 57.8) 497 57.9% (54.5 to 61.3)
Occupation, vibrations 170 42.7% (37.8 to 47.7) 88 19.5% (16.0 to 23.5) 258 30.4% (27.3 to 33.6)
Occupation, bending 180 45.2% (40.3 to 50.3) 89 19.7% (16.1 to 23.7) 269 31.7% (28.5 to 34.9)
Occupation, arduous 227 57.0% (52.0 to 62.0) 151 33.4% (29.1 to 38.0) 378 44.5% (41.1 to 47.9)

*Values are n and % (95% CI).

CI, confidence interval.