FIG. 3.
Upregulation of oxidative stress marker gene expression in the retinas of 5-month-old Csbm/m mice. mRNA levels were determined by Q-PCR; values were normalized (wild-type value is set at 1). Error bars indicate standard errors of the means. The primer set consisted of heme oxygenase (Hmox1), superoxide dismutase (Sod1), glutathione theta transferase 2 (Gstt2), and glutathione S-reductase (Gsr), and genes specific for repair of oxidative DNA lesions included 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (Ogg1) and uracil-N-glycosylase (Ung). For all these genes, we measured higher expression values in Csbm/m than in wt retinas. (one-sided t test; * indicates significance at P < 0.05; ** indicates significance at P < 0.01, and the other P values are <0.07).