Table 2.

Number of observed and expected miscoding lesions in mammoth dataset

	A→G T→C	A→C T→G	A→T T→A	C→A G→T	C→G G→C	C→T G→A
Observeda	39	7	9	16	8	597
Expectedb	26.12	8.04	29.81	11.17	3.05	17.61
P-valuec	0.011	0.86	8 × 10−4	0.17	0.013	<1 × 10−5
Occurrence per bp sequenced	1.5 × 10−4	0	0	9.7 × 10−5	9.9 × 10−5	0.01

^aAbsolute number of miscoding lesions observed.

^bExpected number of miscoding lesions, modelled using the Poisson distribution with rates derived from the chloroplast data.

^cWhen using a 5% Bonferroni corrected significance level P-values below 5%/6=0.0084 are significant, leaving only (A→T/T→A) and (C→T/G→A) significant.