TABLE 3—

Risk Factors for Antibodies to Treponema pallidum: Results of Multivariate Analyses

	Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)	P
Moscow a
Group		.01
Men	1.0
Female non–sex workers	2.7 (1.2, 6.0)
Female sex workers	4.9 (1.7, 14.2)
Ever imprisoned		<.01
No	1.0
Yes	2.6 (1.2, 5.6)
Volgogradb
Ever in drug treatment		<.01
No	1.0
Yes	2.1 (1.3, 3.4)
Barnaulc
Group		<.001
Men	1.0
Female non–sex workers	5.2 (1.9, 14.2)
Female sex workers	9.8 (2.2, 43.6)
Age, y (continuous)		.01
≤ 20	1.0
21–24	4.7 (0.9, 24.3)
25–29	6.8 (1.3, 36.4)
≥ 30	10.7 (2.0, 57.0)
Frequency of injection		<.01
Less than daily	1.0
Daily	3.9 (1.7, 8.9)
Arrested in past 12 months		.05
No	1.0
Yes	2.5 (1.0, 6.4)

^aFinal model adjusted for group and ever having been imprisoned.

^bFinal model adjusted for ever having been in drug treatment.

^cFinal model adjusted for group, age, frequency of injection, and having been arrested in the past 12 months.