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. 2007 Feb 20;104(9):3478–3483. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0611492104

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3.

Renal changes in homozygous RAG2 KO; hum-X VEGF KI double-homozygous mice treated with anti-VEGF-A antibodies (human Fc framework). Animals treated (5 mg/kg, two times weekly for 54 days) with antibodies having increasing affinity for VEGF-A have increased glomerulosclerosis with expanded mesangial areas and thickened capillary loops (A–E). Anti-murine VEGF staining (F–J); control animals (F) show moderate podocyte-specific staining, without capillary loop or mesangial signal; treatment with antibodies of increasing affinity (G–J) results in progressively increased signal in mesangial areas and capillary loops; capillary loop staining in variably linear (J, Y0317) or more coarsely granular (I, G6–31). VEGF-A signal in juxtamedullary glomeruli is consistently stronger than in peripheral cortical glomeruli (detail not shown). Anti-human Fc (K–O, direct immunofluorescence); anti-VEGF antibodies of increasing affinity accumulate in glomeruli roughly in proportion to their affinity. Complement C3 (P–T, direct immunofluorescence); anti-VEGF antibodies of increasing affinity result in complement C3 deposition in glomeruli, roughly in proportion to their affinity; nonspecific signal is present in Bowman's capsule basement membrane surrounding glomerular tuft.