Regulation of TGFβ signaling by RhoA GTPase. (A) Embryonic chicken atrial cells were cotransfected with p3TP-Lux, pCMVβgal, and either pCDNA3, pRK5 myc-RhoA L63, pCDNA3 myc-RhoA N19, or pEFmyc-C3. After recovery, cells were cultured for 16 h in media with LPDS. Luciferase activity was normalized to β-galactosidase activity. Values are the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. (B) Thirty micrograms of crude cell extract from cells were analyzed for the expression of RhoA mutants and C3 toxin by immunoblotting using a myc antibody. Data are typical of three similar experiments.