Endotoxin resistance after adenoviral transfer of Lpsd/Ran cDNA into LPS-sensitive mice. (A) (Upper) Survival curves. Six CD1 mice were used in each group treated with endotoxin plus Ad5-GFP, Ad5-Lps(n), or Ad5-Lps(d); three mice were used in each group with virus alone or LPS alone. Infectious virus particles inoculated per mouse are 1 × 1010. (Lower) Expression of adenoviral genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by nested RT-PCR on total RNA from mice infected with Ad5-Lps(n) or Ad5-Lps(n) at various times. The expected size of the amplified fragment is 793 bp. (B) Survival curves. For BALB/c mice, 5 × 108 to 5 × 109 pfu of adenovirus was injected into each mouse 1 hr before injection of 1 mg of LPS per mouse. Eight, 6, 4, and 6 mice were used in the groups treated with LPS plus Ad5-Lps(d), with LPS plus Ad5-Lps(n), with virus alone, and with LPS alone, respectively. □, Mice treated with LPS alone; ⋄, Ad5-Lps(d)/Ran alone; ♦, LPS with Ad5-Lps(d)/Ran; ○, Ad5-Lps(n)/Ran alone; ●, LPS with Ad5-Lps(n)/Ran; ⋆, Ad5-GFP alone; and ★, LPS with Ad5-GFP.