TABLE 3.

Comparison of Observed Means and Variances

		Observed Means			Observed Variances
Items	Equality Constraints	Black	White	Δ,P	Black	White	Ratio (F’),P
1. Bothered	Strict: λ,τ,θ	0.351	0.328	0.023, 0.64	0.496	0.498	1.00, 0.98
11. Restless	Strict: λ,τ,θ	0.589	0.612	−0.012, 0.70	0.874	0.823	1.06, 0.50
20. Get going	Strict: λ,τ,θ	0.456	0.437	0.019, 0.73	0.662	0.631	1.05, 0.59
2. Appetite	Strong: λ,τ	0.347	0.240	0.107, <0.02	0.576	0.427	1.35, <0.001
7. Effort	Metric: λ	0.807	0.486	0.321, <0.001	1.290	0.765	1.69, <0.001
Composites*
5-item	At least metric	2.55	2.10	0.445, <0.01	7.99	7.18	1.11, 0.25
4-item	At least strong	1.74	1.62	0.124, 0.38	4.65	4.47	1.04, 0.68
3-item	Strict	1.40	1.38	0.017, 0.88	3.22	3.13	1.03, 0.75

^*Five-item, sum of all 5 metric invariant items; 4-item, sum of the strong factorial invariant items (1, 2, 11, 20); 3-item, sum of the strict factorial invariant items (1, 11, and 20).