Fig. 7.
ALCAR and LA-mediated neuroprotection via activation of multiple signaling pathwaysagainst HNE toxicity. KT5823 (the PKG inhibitor), SB202190 (the p38-SAPK inhibitor), SP600125 (the JNK inhibitor), LY294002 (the PI3K inhibitor), PD98059 (the ERK1/2 inhibitor) were added singly to the cell culture 1 h before addition of ALCAR+LA singly, which was added 2 hr prior to addition of 10 μM HNE. The grid bars are in presence of HNE and the plain bars are without HNE. The results are shown as mean ± SD expressed as percentage of control values obtained for five independent preparations. Statistical comparison was by ANOVA (n=5). Post hoc analysis was via Student-Newman-Keuls test, and the P values given are compared with the control. *p<0.005.