Antibody blocking of cytotoxicity assay. Effectors from one patient were cultured alone (), with autologous DCs pulsed with lysate (□) or lysate buffer (), with autologous DCs electrofused with B-CLL B cells (▪) and with autologous DCs mixed with B-CLL B cells (). Anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies were added to effectors incubated with autologous B-CLL B cell targets at an effector : target ratio of 40 : 1. Specific cytotoxicity to B-CLL targets, by T cell effectors generated from culture with lysate-pulsed autologous DCs, was significantly inhibited by anti-CD4 (P = 0·039) but not by anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies. However, specific cytotoxicity by T cell effectors generated from culture with autologous DC–B-CLL hybrids was inhibited by anti-CD4 (P = 0·062) and inhibited significantly by anti-CD8 (P = 0·018) monoclonal antibodies. Each treatment group was measured in duplicate. Data were analysed by unpaired Students' t-test; *P = 0·039, **P = 0·062, ***P = 0·018.