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Increase of alveolar macrophage (AM) interleukin-10 (IL-10) production by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). AMs were treated with NNK (100–1000 µM) in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 ng/ml) for 20 h, and IL-10 was measured in cell-free supernatants. NNK significantly (*P < 0·05) increased IL-10 release by AMs. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (s.e.m.) of six experiments are shown.
