Table 2.
Autoantigens in APECED. Only those autoimmune entities in APECED where the autoantigens are known are listed. Adapted from Heino et al. [56], Meriluoto et al. [90] and Immunobiology, 5th edition [91]
| APECED components | Tissue | Antigens |
|---|---|---|
| Addison's disease | Adrenals (cortex) | P450c21, P450c17a,P450scc |
| Hypoparathyroidism | Parathyroid glands | Ca++ sensing receptor* |
| Hypothyroidism | Thyroid gland | Thyroid peroxidase |
| Thyroglobulin | ||
| Type 1 diabetes | Endocrine pancreas | GAD65, GAD67, ICA,IA-2 tyrosine phosphatase like protein |
| Autoimmune hepatitis | Liver | P450 CYP1A2, P450 CYP2A6,P450 CYP1A1, P450 CYP2B6 AADC |
| Vitiligo | Skin | SOX9, SOX10 |
| Alopecia | Scalp | Tyrosine hydroxylase |
| Malabsorption | Gastrointestinal tract | Tryptophan hydroxylase |
| Autoimmune gastritis | Stomach | H+K+ ATPase |
| Pernicious anaemia | Gastric mucosa, red blood cells | Intrinsic factor |
*
This autoantigen in APECED has not been unequivocally proven.