Table 2. Cytokine and chemokine levels in whole blood cell supernatants in different patient groups [chronic neuroborreliosis (NB), subacute NB, asymptomatic seropositive individuals and seronegative controls] following stimulation with live borrelia spirochetes.
| Factor | Chronic | Subacute | Asymptomatic | Seronegative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-1β | 2046 (60–3266) | 342 (13–4532) | 1289 (25–2865) | 838 (54–1388) |
| IL-6 | 15 934 (102–24 679) | 6558 (90–30 153) | 4177 (231–29 866) | 17 030 (1059–27 407) |
| IL-8 | 22 228 (69–50 000) | 4707 (86–50 000) | 6494 (80–50 000) | 25 042 (526–50 000) |
| IL-10 | 387 (6–977) | 70 (4–848) | 68 (13–588) | 155 (20–610) |
| IL-12p70 | 4 (0–5) | 4 (0–20) | 4 (0–53) | 0 (0–6) |
| TNF-α | 216 (2–2055) | 36 (0–2974) | 231 (2–1783) | 348 (3–1502) |
| MCP-1 | 6106 (1218–29 682) | 3744 (105–9229) | 697 (180–9972) | 4233 (51–6999) |
| Eotaxin | 46 (0–56) | 28 (0–68) | 0 (0–81) | 34 (0–73) |
| MIP-1α | 8395 (95–14 738) | 1258 (19–40 000) | 220 (18–11 359) | 4799 (0–11 255) |
| MIP-1β | 15 873 (2450–24 931) | 10 921 (269–30 000) | 2789 (874–30 000) | 12 069 (634–15 957) |
Median values (range in parenthesis) in pg/ml are given. IL: interleukin; TNF: tumour necrosis factor; MCP: monocyte chemoattractant protein; MIP: macrophage inflammatory protein.