Table 1. Patients’ characteristics.
| DM1 patients | Healthy control subjects | DM2 patients | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | |||||||
| Age | 41·7 ± 2·5 | 35·0 ± 3·1 | 38·8 ± 3·4 | 41·0 ± 4·6 | 52·9 ± 4·0 | 56·9 ± 3·6 | ||||||
| HbA1c† | 8·59 ± 0·4 | 8·45 ± 0·5 | n.d.‡ | n.d. | 7·5 ± 0·3 | 8·0 ± 0·4 | ||||||
| Duration of diabetes | 22·7 ± 3·2 | 15·0 ± 2·9 | n.a.§ | n.a. | n.d. | n.d. | ||||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| DRB1*15/DRB1*16 | 0 | (0%) | 1 | (8%) | 4 | (36%) | 5 | (38%) | n.d. | – | n.d. | – |
| DRB1*03/DRB1*04 | 18 | (82%) | 10 | (77%) | 6 | (55%) | 6 | (46%) | n.d. | – | n.d. | – |
| Other DR | 4 | (18%) | 2 | (15%) | 1 | (9%) | 2 | (15%) | n.d. | – | n.d. | – |
| n.d. | 8 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 14 | ||||||
| Total n | 30 | 22 | 12 | 14 | 8 | 14 | ||||||
†
% in serum
‡
not determined
§
not applicable. DM1, diabetes mellitus type 1; DM2, diabetes mellitus type 2.