Fig. 4.

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in the lung after intravenous injections with trehalose dimycolate (TDM), lipoarabinomannan (LAM) and phosphatidylinositol mannosides (PIM) as the w/o/w emulsion. (a) Kinetic study of TNF-α production in the lung after injection with 10 µg PIM. (b) Comparison of TNF-α levels in the lung among TDM, PIM and LAM. Control mice were injected with w/o/w emulsion without mycobacterial glycolipids. Results show arithmetic mean ± s.d. of three mice per group. *P< 0·05.