Fig. 2.

Gravitropism, hydrotropism, phototropism, and wavy growth of miz1 and WT (Columbia) roots. (A) Root gravitropism. (B) Hydrotropic responses of clinorotated roots. (C) Root phototropism. (D) Hypocotyl phototropism. Curvature was measured at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 h after gravitropic or phototropic stimulation (A, C, and D) and at 4 and 8 h after hydrotropic stimulation (B). Open circles and bars, WT; filled circles and bars, miz1. (E and F) Wavy growth response of miz1 and WT roots. Roots of WT (E) and miz1 (F) were photographed 2 days after the start of treatment. The arrowhead indicates the position of the root tips when treatment was initiated. (Scale bar: 10 mm.) (G) Quantitation of the amplitude and pitch of the waves. (H) Growth, amplitude, and pitch of miz1 roots (filled bar) relative to those of WT (open bar). The data in A, B, C, and D are the means of measurements from 62, 30, 62, and 64 individuals, respectively, from three independent experiments. The data in H are the means of measurements of >35 individuals from four independent experiments. Error bars represent SE. The asterisks indicate statistically significant differences, as determined by Student's t test (∗, P < 0.05; ∗∗, P < 0.01).