Spot application controls showing that root hair reorientation is an
NF-specific response. a, Spot application of 10–9 m non-sulfated NF (from the Sinorhizobium meliloti NodH
mutant) does not lead to growth reorientation. Bar = 30 μm. a1, At the
moment of application; a2, 25 min after application. b, Growing M.
truncatula wild-type root hair after spot application with
10–6 m chitotetraose showing no growth
axis reorientation. Bar = 18 μm. b1, At the moment of application; b2, 45
min after application. c, Spot application of 10–9 m sulfated chitotetraose does not lead to growth reorientation. Bar
= 30 μm. c1, Before application; c2, 30 min after application. d, Growing
M. truncatula wild-type root hair after spot application of Millipore
water (Millipore, Bedford, MA) showing no growth axis reorientation. Bar = 18
μm. d1, At the moment of application; d2, 55 min after application.
Arrowheads point to the site of application.