The effect of Al on root growth (A), cellular citrate content in roots (B)
and shoots (C), and citrate efflux (D) on WT and transgenic lines
overexpressing At-mtCS. A, Relative root growth (percentage of 0
μm Al) of WT and transgenic lines exposed to Al for 48 h
(n = 10). B, Citrate content in root tissues of WT and transgenic
lines, CS1 and CS12. C, Citrate levels in shoots of WT and transgenic lines.
Root and shoot tissues from WT and homozygous seedlings of transgenic lines
were collected and used in citrate estimation (n = 3). D, Root
exudates from seedlings of WT, CS1, and CS12 were analyzed for levels of
citrate released in the presence (150 μm Al) or absence of Al.
Vertical bars represent se. (n = 3).